In recent years, a surge of misinformation targeting dairy products has emerged, often propagated by self-proclaimed health experts and even some qualified medical professionals through social media platforms. This paper aims to critically examine these claims, fact-check popular myths, and present scientifically validated insights into the nutritional value of dairy products. It also addresses the negligible use of preservatives in the organised dairy sector, clarifying regulatory practices and highlighting the socio-economic impact of such misinformation in India.
Introduction
Dairy products have historically held a crucial place in the Indian diet, both nutritionally and culturally. However, with the proliferation of health fads and viral social media narratives, dairy has increasingly come under unfounded scrutiny. Some qualified doctors, particularly those aligned with the Insta-influencer trend, along with self-proclaimed medical professionals, have publicly advised against the consumption of milk and dairy products, alleging that they contain harmful preservatives and pose health risks. These claims often lack empirical support and deviate from established nutritional science.
Preservatives in Dairy: Facts and Regulations
A common myth circulating on digital platforms suggests that milk and dairy products in the organised sector are loaded with harmful preservatives. Contrary to these claims, data from the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) confirms that preservatives are used in less than 1% of dairy products, primarily in shelf-stable items such as certain specialised flavored milks and processed cheese spreads (FSSAI, 2022). Most of the dairy beverages are either sterilised or Ultra heat treated and in both the cases thermal preservation is used rather than chemical pereservation. Products like curd and Paneer are also made shelf stable through thermisation processes. The vast majority of fresh dairy products—including pasteurised milk, dahi, paneer, butter, and ghee—are entirely free from preservatives.
Pasteurized milk, for instance, has a natural shelf life of 2-5 days under refrigeration due to the removal of pathogenic bacteria during pasteurization, without the addition of chemicals. UHT (Ultra-High Temperature) milk achieves a longer shelf life through sterilization, not by adding preservatives. FSSAI regulations strictly govern the permissible additives in dairy, ensuring they remain significantly lower than those found in other processed foods like bakery products, sauces, or confectionery (FSSAI, 2022).
Nutritional Supremacy of Milk
Milk is one of nature’s most balanced foods, offering a unique combination of macronutrients and micronutrients. It is an excellent source of complete proteins, containing both casein and whey proteins, which include all essential amino acids necessary for human health (FAO, 2013). Dairy fat serves as a carrier for fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K, playing vital roles in vision, bone health, immunity, and hormonal functions.
The natural sugar in milk, lactose, aids in calcium absorption and promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, particularly in fermented products like curd and yogurt. Additionally, dairy products are rich in B-vitamins (Riboflavin and B12) and essential minerals including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, contributing to bone strength, metabolic functions, and overall immunity (WHO, 2018).
Sources of Misinformation
Several factors contribute to the spread of anti-dairy misinformation. Firstly, certain medical professionals lack specialised training in food processing and nutrition science, leading to superficial or misguided dietary advice. Secondly, the social media environment rewards sensationalism, with fear-based narratives often attracting greater attention. Finally, the influence of global dietary trends, such as the anti-dairy movement linked to veganism, disregards the socio-cultural and nutritional significance of dairy in Indian diets.
Fact-Checking Incidents and Legal Rebuttals
In multiple instances, regulatory bodies have addressed and debunked false claims regarding dairy products. The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) and FSSAI have clarified through official statements that fresh dairy products in India are free from harmful preservatives. Notably, in 2023, the Press Information Bureau (PIB) Fact Check and FSSAI dismissed widespread social media allegations of preservative use in branded milk as baseless.
In July 2023, the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), which owns the Amul brand, filed a First Information Report (FIR) against a man from Gandhinagar. The individual had posted a Facebook video alleging that Amul milk contained urea and claimed that a government laboratory had confirmed this. The complaint, filed by a senior sales manager at Amulfed (a GCMMF unit), stated that the video aimed to tarnish the brand’s reputation. Consequently, the FIR was registered under Indian Penal Code sections 500 (defamation) and 505 (statements conducing to public mischief) www.ndtv.com.
Similarly, in December 2019, GCMMF lodged a police complaint in Uttar Pradesh against a resident of Prayagraj. The individual had uploaded a misleading video on social media, claiming that Amul Gold milk curdled due to the presence of plastic and could be poisonous. When GCMMF officials requested the removal of the video, the accused allegedly demanded ₹10 lakh. An FIR was registered under sections 386 (extortion) and 499 (defamation) of the Indian Penal Code, as well as relevant sections of the Information Technology Act The Times of India
.These instances underscore Amul’s commitment to protecting its brand integrity and ensuring that consumers receive accurate information about its products.
The dissemination of misleading information about dairy products by unqualified sources not only jeopardises public health understanding but also undermines the livelihoods of over 8 crore dairy farmers in India. It is imperative that dietary guidance be rooted in validated nutritional science and regulated frameworks. Consumers are encouraged to rely on authentic, science-backed sources for dietary decisions and to appreciate the unmatched nutritional value and safety standards of India’s dairy sector.
The way forward
We earnestly urge policymakers to issue clear, stringent guidelines against such malicious propaganda. Individuals or organisations spreading baseless, fear-mongering narratives about milk and dairy products should be held legally accountable in the interest of public welfare and consumer trust. It is equally crucial for every milk lover and responsible citizen to refrain from forwarding or endorsing any sensationalised message that undermines the integrity of our dairy sector by propagating negativity about milk, adulteration, or preservatives without verified evidence. By taking this small but impactful step, we can collectively reduce the unnecessary traction these narratives receive, discouraging broadcasters and social media channels from featuring such misleading content. Let us, as a nation, stand together to protect the truth, honour our dairy farmers, and preserve the nutritional treasure that milk represents in our daily lives.
References:
- FSSAI (2022). Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations.
- FAO (2013). Milk and dairy products in human nutrition. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
- WHO (2018). Nutritional requirements and dietary guidelines.
- PIB Fact Check (2019). Social Media Claims on Milk Preservatives. Government of India.
Source : Dairy blog by Kuldeep Sharma Chief editor www.Dairynews7x7.com April 15th 2025